Abstract
An accurate estimation of residual stresses is crucial to ensure dimensional accuracy and prevent premature fatigue failure of 3D printed components. Different from their crystalline counterparts, the effect of residual stress would be worse for amorphous alloys owing to their intrinsic brittleness with low fracture toughness. However, the generation of residual stress and its performance in 3D printed amorphous alloy components still remain unclear. Here, a finite element method combined with experiments and theoretical analyses was introduced to estimate the residual stress in selective laser melting of a Zr-based amorphous alloy. The results revealed that XY cross scanning strategy exhibits relatively low residual stress by comparison with X and Y strategies, and the residual stress becomes serious with increasing bar thickness. The residual stress, on the other hand, could be tuning by annealing or preheating the substrate. The above scenario is thoroughly understood according to the temperature gradient mechanism and its effect on microstructure evaluation.
Highlights
Amorphous alloys are a unique class of materials that possess an amorphous atomic-level structure and display a plethora of desirable mechanical, chemical, and physical properties, which makes them one of the most promising engineering materials [1,2,3,4,5,6].the poor processability, combined with ambient-temperature brittleness, and limited size have been the Achilles’ heel to structural applications of BMGs [7,8]
The results reveal that the XY cross scanning strategy exhibits relatively low residual stress by comparison with X and Y strategies, and the residual stress becomes serious with increasing bar thickness
The elastoplastic model was adopted for residual stress calculation, and relevant data are acquired from the strains generated in the Selective laser melting (SLM) process
Summary
Amorphous alloys ( called metallic glasses, MGs) are a unique class of materials that possess an amorphous atomic-level structure and display a plethora of desirable mechanical, chemical, and physical properties, which makes them one of the most promising engineering materials [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Different from the above methods, the curvature method measures the deflection or curvature of a part caused by residual stresses, reflecting thermal stresses within layers This method is more suitable for 3D printed components, because SLM is based on the melting of successive layers, and the variation of processing parameters (such as scanning strategy, layer thickness, preheating, etc.) has a significant effect on residual stresses [22]. The residual stress, on the other hand, can be tuning by annealing or preheating the substrate These results provide a new route to improve the forming quality of 3D printed amorphous alloy components with a large scale and complex structure
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