Estimation of Protein / Creatinine Ration in Pre Eclampsia with Single Voided Urine Sample Compare with 24 Hours Urine Protein

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia is characterized by hypertension and proteinuria with the onset after 20 weeks of gestation. Globally 14.5% of maternal death is due to preeclampsia with fetal complications. National Record of Family Health Division Nepal shows prevalence rate of preeclampsia as 8.5%. The gold standard 24 hours urine protein evaluation test is time consuming for the diagnosis of preeclampsia and can increase complications to mother and fetus. Instant diagnosis and prompt management is needed. Objective of this study was to determine the accuracy of urinary protein/creatinine (P/C) ratio test and correlate random urinary (P/C) ratio with twenty-four hours urinary protein in detecting preeclampsia.
 Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out conveniently selecting 130 samples of preeclampsia from Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of National Medical College Teaching Hospital, Birgunj, Nepal. Out of 130 samples all met the inclusion criteria. Both twenty-four hours urine protein and P/C ratio were performed for each case. Correlation between two tests and accuracy of the test was performed using SPSS V 16.
 Results: This study showed protein creatinine ratio is as capable as 24 hours protein urine to diagnose pregnant mother with preeclampsia. Spot P/C ratio provides effortless result with high validity and reliability.
 Conclusion: This study showed protein creatinine ratio is as capable as 24 hours protein urine to diagnose pregnant mother with preeclampsia. Spot P/C ratio provides effortless result with high validity and reliability.
 Keywords: Preeclampsia, 24 hours urinary protein, Receiver Operator characteristic curve (ROC), Area under the curve (AUC)