Abstract
We propose a method for estimating the inertia of a power system from the ambient frequency and active power signals measured by phasor measurement units (PMUs). In this method, a dynamic model relating the active power deviations to the frequency deviations is first identified using the N4SID algorithm. Then, the inertia of an individual generator or an electrical area is extracted from the step response of the identified model using the swing equation. Compared to conventional methods that use transient signals, the proposed method can estimate the inertia of a power system in real time under normal operating conditions. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated in the IEEE 39-bus system.
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