Estimation of Potential Health Risks for Some Metallic Elements by Consumption of Fish

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in muscle of fish in order to determine the value daily intake of heavy metals by consumption of fish and human health risk assessment. Edible muscle tissue of Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Miankaleh international wetland was analyzed for content of Cd, Ni, Pb, Cr, Fe, As, Cu, and Zn; the levels were 0.26, 0.21, 0.67, 0.08, 28, 0.31, 1.6, and 7.2 mg kg\(^{-1}\), respectively. Provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) and provisional tolerable daily intake were calculated, as well as the target hazard quotient (THQ) and target cancer risk (TR). The maximum allowable fish consumption rate (CRlim) (kg/d) was calculated to estimate health risks associated with fish consumption. Since the concentrations calculated weekly intake due to fish consumption were far below PTWI for all metals; THQ for metals were below 1 and TR for As and Ni were lower than 10\(^{-6}\), there is no human health risk of consumption of R. rutilus for consumers.