Abstract
ABSTRACT We estimated the potential groundwater recharge (Rpot) of a drywell that receives, temporarily stores, and infiltrates direct surface runoff from a contribution area (180.5 m2) comprising a roof and a cemented floor. The Rpot for traditional rainwater management and for similar contribution area but covered with grass was also estimated for comparison. Our methodology involved the use of water budget equation, monitoring of rainfall and soil water content up to 1.92 m depth, estimation of drywell overflow using the modified Puls model, and determination of actual evapotranspiration using water stress coefficient in 2017 and 2018. Results revealed that the Rpot for drywell was 83.3% of the precipitated volume, 2.22 times higher than that of the grass-covered area (37.6%) given the increased area for evapotranspiration in the latter. In turn, the traditional urban drainage system did not demonstrate potential of groundwater recharge. Therefore, the drywell contributes significantly to groundwater recharge apart from serving as local flood control.
Highlights
The use of traditional urban drainage system that disposes of surface runoff as quickly as possible is problematic because it is inefficient and unsustainable (Urbonas & Stahre, 1993; Tavares et al, 2018; Jung & Kim, 2020)
Values higher than 1000 mm in both analysed years. This is due to the great amount of direct surface runoff (DSR) generated in the impervious contribution area, which almost infiltrated entirely by the PGHidro because of the high soil infiltration rates
Using the water budget equation, the average recarga potencial do aquífero (Rpot) was estimated to be 83.4% of the total rainfall for the rainwater management that considers the DSR is directed to a drywell and contribution area consisting of a roof and a cemented floor
Summary
The use of traditional urban drainage system that disposes of surface runoff as quickly as possible is problematic because it is inefficient and unsustainable (Urbonas & Stahre, 1993; Tavares et al, 2018; Jung & Kim, 2020). According to Petrucci & Tassin (2015) and Wang & Wang (2018) compensatory techniques facilitate the retention, storage, and infiltration of overland flow as close as possible to where it was generated, without the surface runoff being downstream. These techniques prevent overloading of drainage infrastructure as well as reduces the pollutant transport and siltation of water bodies. This technique controls flooding in runoff source areas and contributes to potential groundwater recharge in urban environments (Gobel et al, 2004; Sasidharan et al, 2018) locally and indirectly (Lerner et al, 1990; Beekman & Xu, 2003)
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