Abstract
This study attempted to utilize fluidized bed reactor for fluoride removal and CaF<sub>2</sub> purity from the industrial wastewater including high concentration of fluoride ion. Effects of HRT, pH, Ca<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup> amount and seed height were investigated through lab-scale batch and continuous experiments. Considering fluoride removal efficiently and CaF<sub>2</sub> purity that HRT 5hr, pH6, seed height of 50 cm, [Ca<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>]/[F<sup>-</sup>](mol/mol) ratio of 0.55 were found to be optimum. Correspondingly, removal fluoride was 82.5%, with a CaF<sub>2</sub> the crystallization rate of 95.1%, respectively. The results of continuous experiment showed that with pellet as CaF<sub>2</sub> , fluoride concentration can be stably reduced to less than 45mg/L in effluent from the influent 300mg/L on average. HR-XRD analysis showed that the crystalline structure of crystals was mainly CaF<sub>2</sub> .
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