Abstract
This article is devoted to the problem of accurate vehicle speed measurement from video images. The analysis of existing methods of optical speed measurement is carried out, and the need to estimate the measurement error is justified. An idealized mathematical model of speed measurement based on binding to the size of the license plate is studied and the influence of various factors on the measurement accuracy is shown: the influence of the intrinsic and extrinsic camera parameters, the influence of license plate size in images, influence of data averaging. A comparison of the obtained results with the accuracy of widely used in practice radar technologies is shown.
Highlights
Traffic monitoring systems are actively used to collect traffic parameters and register traffic violations
If we assume that the entire width of the control area is at the bottom of the frame, we can determine the maximum size of the license plate nnmmmmmm in pixels relative to the width of the control area N in pixels with a license plate width of 0.52 meters and a single lane width of 3.75 meters: nnmmmmmm where KK is the number of lanes
Analyzing the obtained error values, we can conclude that to measure the speed by the size of the license plate on the video image with an error of no more than 2%, it is necessary to have the number of pixels horizontally at least 2440, or the resolution of the video camera at least 3 megapixels per one road lane
Summary
Traffic monitoring systems are actively used to collect traffic parameters and register traffic violations. According to the principle of speed measurement, modern monitoring systems are divided into three types: radar, laser, and optical. Radar and laser-type devices are characterized by high accuracy of speed detection (the error is no more than 2 km/h) and a high detection range (up to 500 m). In the simplest case radar with a narrow beam, which operates at a fixed frequency, is used. This radar can control only one lane and measures only one parameter the vehicle speed, and as a rule, captures no more than one vehicle. Modern radar systems can determine the position of the vehicle and are used to monitor multiple lanes with a correct correspondence between measured speed and a specific vehicle [1]
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