Estimation of Malondialdehyde Levels and Determination of Total Antioxidant Capacity in Serum and Saliva of Patient Affected with Sickle Cell Anemia

Abstract

Introduction: Hemoglobinopathy is an inherited blood disorder in which an individual has an abnormal form of hemoglobin (variant) or decreased production of hemoglobin. The molecular pathogenesis of sickle cell disease explains the phenomenon well when there is adeficiency of oxygen carriage by the erythrocytes. The horrendous patterns of sickling/unsickling bring about the accumulation of lipid oxidation items and reactive oxygen speciesthat gather inside sickle-shaped red blood cells (RBCs). Aims: To estimate the malondialdehyde levels and determine the total antioxidant capacity in serum and saliva of sickle cell anemic patients. Methods and Material: Fiftysubjects aged 5–40 years were selected for the study. The subjects were divided into two groups. Blood and saliva samples were collected from both groups and were subjected to the phosphomolybdenum method. Absorbance was read spectrophotometrically at 695 nm. SPSS software was used, and statistical analysis was performed using Student's unpaired ttests. Results: Oxidative stress results f an imbalance between reactive oxygen species formation and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Conclusion: Salivary levels of total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde, and electrolytes make saliva a potential prognostic and diagnostic medium as there is an alteration of oxidative stress in sickle cell anemia (SCA).