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Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine mathematical equations that estimate the leaf area of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) in an easy and non-destructive way based on linear dimensions. In this way, 300 leaves of different sizes and in good sanitary condition of adult plants were collected at the Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Campus Itapina, located in Colatina, municipality north of the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Were measured The length (L) along the midrib and the maximum leaf width (W), observed leaf area (OLA), besides the product of the multiplication of length with width (LW), length with length (LL) and width with width (WW). The models of linear equations of first degree, quadratic and power and their respective R2 were adjusted using OLA as dependent variable in function of L, W and LW, LL and WW as independent variable. The data were validated and the estimated leaf area (ELA) was obtained. The means of ELA and OLA were compared by Student’s t test (5% probability) and were evaluated by the mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) criteria. The choice of the best model was based on non-significant comparative values of ELA and OLA, in addition to the closest values of zero of EAM and RQME. The jackfruit leaf area estimate can be determined quickly, accurately and non-destructively by the linear first-order model with LW as the independent variable by equation ELA = 1.07451 + 0.71181(LW).
Highlights
The jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) belonging to the family Moraceae, is a species native to India, introduced in Brazil during the colonial period, where the edaphoclimatic conditions were well adapted
The knowledge of the leaf area is of paramount importance in physiological studies, involving photosynthetic apparatus efficiency, transpiration and response to irrigation and fertilizers, being an essential characteristic in the analysis of plant growth and development (Blanco & Folegatti, 2005; Morgado et al, 2013)
The leaves were stored in plastic bags and transported to the Plant Improvement Laboratory of the University of Espírito Santo (UFES), located in the municipality of São Mateus, Espírito, Santo, Brazil
Summary
The jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) belonging to the family Moraceae, is a species native to India, introduced in Brazil during the colonial period, where the edaphoclimatic conditions were well adapted. Its use varies in the most diverse forms, from the consumption of the fruit in natura or processed, to the medical industry, presenting great economic potential for the internal and external market (Perdomo & Magalhães, 2007; Oliveira, Godoy, & Borges, 2011). The leaf area can be determined by direct or indirect methods. The direct methods, precise, require high labor, specific and expensive equipment, besides being destructive, making impossible measurements on the same leaf (Pompelli et al, 2012). The indirect methods are non-destructive and easy to execute, allowing the researcher to make successive measurements on the same leaf, being able to estimate the leaf area accurately over time (Peaksen, 2007; Oliveira, Silva, Costa, Schmildt, & Vitória, 2017)
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