Abstract
Rising population and industrialisation aided by technological advancements have resulted in increased industrial water demand in India. Industrial water demand accounts for about 8–10 % of the total water demand in the country. Although some national and international organisations report industrial water demand, there is a wide variation in data due to the scarcity of the reliable data and inconsistencies in the methods adopted for quantification. Rather than using these estimates, the census-based statistical data could provide better figures. Therefore, the present study aims to quantify industrial water demand by compiling census-based statistical data collected from various Governmental agencies in India. Based on census datasets collected at National and State Governmental institutions, this study develops a new model to estimate industrial water demand. Industrial water demand is estimated in this study at State and monthly scale from 1991 to 2010. The study models industrial water demand as a function of industrial production data, industrial survey components, and economic/technological development indicators. Principal component analysis is employed to reduce these large number of input variables to a smaller number of latent variables, which account for the variance in the input variables. The model results are cross-validated with industrial water demand data obtained from National Commission on Integrated Water Resources Development (NCIWRD). Country-level estimates are disaggregated to State-level water demand estimates based on number of industrial units in each State. These State-level results are verified against an independent census dataset on industrial water demand collected from State Governmental organisations. It is found that industrial water demand increased at a rate of 2% per annum during the period of analysis, which exceeds the increase rate of agricultural and domestic water demands during the same period.
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