Abstract
Estimating the thermo-elasto-plastic deformation by arc welding through finite element analysis has been used in various industrial fields. The Goldak heat source model is one of the most important and widely used models in finite element analysis, and its parameters are estimated based on the results of previous studies and tests. Part I of this study focused on the adequate heat source model, and the study for the welding deformation with the moving heat source will be done on the latter research. This study used the parameters of Goldak’s heat source model, weld efficiency, and the location of the heat source as design variables, and defined the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) boundary line of Bead on Plate (BOP) welding as the target. BOP welding was performed using SS400 plates, the HAZ boundary line was determined based on examining the shape of the cross-section, and the optimization condition was that temperature inside the boundary line exceeded 727 °C while the temperature outside the line did not exceed 727 °C during the welding process. During this process, a multi-island genetic algorithm (non-linear global optimization method) was used to obtain the optimal results out of 1000 candidate groups, in which the HAZ boundary was similar to the experimental results. Applying a global optimization algorithm to determine the parameters of the most important heat source model to analyze welding deformation is significant, and this may be applied in various industrial fields that use welding including shipbuilding, aviation, and machinery industries.
Highlights
Welding is one of the most commonly used processing techniques in the machinery, shipbuilding, and aviation industries
The Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) temperature was set as the target to determine the Goldak heat source model, which is the main purpose of this study
After checking the temperature distribution results of each of the candidate groups above, this study selected the model with a HAZ boundary shape most similar to the actual experimental results
Summary
Welding is one of the most commonly used processing techniques in the machinery, shipbuilding, and aviation industries. The main parameters of the Goldak model were not fixed but varied depending on the welding conditions and the environment, the appropriate values were through a parametric. Goldak heat source model by observing the cross-section after welding tests [10], Tchoumi used a symmetric source model to analyze the heat source for TIG welding using stainless steel 316L and applied the response surface minimization method to derive the parameters based on factorial DOE (Design of Experiments) results [11]. Chujutalli used FEM (Finite Element Method) to find the Goldak model’s parameters by setting the peak temperature as the target and derived the values through a parametric study [12]. This study set the parameters of the Goldak heat source model, weldefficiency, efficiency,and andthe thelocation location of ofthe theheat heatsource sourceas asthe thevariables, variables,and andidentified identifiedthe theparameters parameterswhen whenreaching reachingthe thetarget targetvalues.
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