Abstract
It is recognized that links among forests, rivers and sea are important, because biological and fisheries production in the coastal zone is influenced by land-sea interaction. There are several nutrient supply systems in the coastal zone. River runoff, the most dominant nutrient supply system, has been evaluated by many previous studies. In addition, submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) has recently been considered as an important source of dissolved material to the coastal zone. For example, Johannes (1980) shows that SGD supplies several times as much nitrate volume as river runoff. However, the nutrient supply mechanisms in sandy beach ecosystem are not yet fully understood. Thus, it is necessary to quantitatively evaluate freshwater discharge and nutrient supply in a sandy beach ecosystem. This study reveals the estimated flow rate and volume of groundwater discharge in Fukiagehama, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan.
Highlights
It is recognized that links among forests, rivers and sea are important, because biological and fisheries production in the coastal zone is influenced by land-sea interaction
This study does not consider the change in water storage, because this change can be disregarded for cases that consider longterm water budget, as is the case in this study, which was performed to determine the annual water budget
EvapoEtvranpsoptriraantsiopnir(EaHti)on(EH ) River RFilvoewr Flow GrounGdrwoautnedrwflaotwer flow evapotranspiration amounts by the evapotranspiration ratio of each watershed basin area
Summary
It is recognized that links among forests, rivers and sea are important, because biological and fisheries production in the coastal zone is influenced by land-sea interaction. There are several nutrient supply systems in the coastal zone. The most dominant nutrient supply system, has been evaluated by many previous studies. Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) has recently been considered as an important source of dissolved material to the coastal zone. Johannes (1980) shows that SGD supplies several times as much nitrate volume as river runoff. The nutrient supply mechanisms in sandy beach ecosystem are not yet fully understood. It is necessary to quantitatively evaluate freshwater discharge and nutrient supply in a sandy beach ecosystem. This study reveals the estimated flow rate and volume of groundwater discharge in Fukiagehama, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. RESEARCH PROCEDURES Study area: Fukiagehama is located on the western coast of Kagoshima Prefecture, Kyushu, Japan (Figure). Figure shows the subsurface geology of Fukiagehama basin. Pyrcoclastic flow deposits which are called SHIRASU, tend to occupy a large ratio of the subsurface geology
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