Estimation of Greenhouse Gases in The Agricultural Sector at Rice land of The Central of Food Production Zones in Merauke Regency

Abstract

Merauke Regency is the main rice-producing center in the southern region of Papua and the largest rice contributor for the provinces of South Papua and Papua, with 55,674.75 hectares of paddy field area, 76 percent (42,387 hectares) of which located in three districts, namely Kurik, Semangga and Tanah Miring District. This study aims to inventory and estimate Green House Gas (GHG) emissions and scenarios for reducing GHG emissions in order to find the mitigation and adaptation methods. The sources of GHG emissions include CH4, CO2, and N2O. The data used for GHG estimation in the paddy field agricultural sector comes from primary and secondary data. The data analysis to determine the value of potential GHG emissions generated by the 2006 IPCC calculation method, based on the guidelines for GHG Calculation of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia. The analysis results shows that the total value of potential emissions (CH4 ) from the management of paddy fields produces 9,35 Gg CO2eq/year (264,5 Emisi CO2 e/tahun (Gg) CO2eq/year. The total potential value of carbon dioxide gas (CO2) emissions from the application of urea fertilizer on paddy fields produces 4.10 Gg CO2eq/year. Meanwhile, the total potential value of direct and indirect nitrous oxide gas (N2O) from soil management activities in paddy fields produces 39,15 and Emissions from incinerated straw 0,295 Gg CO2eq/year. Mitigation efforts can be applied by choosing the right and low emissions rice varieties, appropriate land and fertilizers management systems. Adaptation strategy can be carried out with innovative technology, namely a development system in the form of an integrated land management system.