Estimation of genealogical lines of cattle of the Kazakh white-headed breed

Abstract

An assessment of economically useful traits and external conformation of the Kazakh whiteheaded cows of the main genealogical lines, bred in the farms of the Altai Territory, was carried out. For the analysis, indicators of economically useful traits and conformation of first-calf heifers and full-aged cows of the Kazakh white-headed breed were used: live weight, measurements, total score for conformation, milk production. It was established that first-calf heifers of Zamok 3035 line surpass their herdmates in chest girth, and heifers of Zadorny 1325 and Korol 13682 lines are superior in oblique body length. Cows of Peon 29 line are inferior to their peers in live weight. The best indicators in live weight were noted in full-aged cows of Zadorny 1325 line, in milk yield – in Korol 13682 line. In general, there were no significant differences in most animal traits between the lines assessed. Analysis of full-aged cows belonging to the lines of Zamok 3035, Korol 13682, Zadorny 1325 showed that they surpass their herdmates in live weight, the lines of Korol 13682 – in milk yield. The study of the coefficients of heritability showed a low level of influence of the genotype on the variability of the main traits. This fact may indicate a high degree of consolidation of the Kazakh white-headed breed. In the breeding work with this breed, it is necessary to make wider use of sires belonging to the lines of Zadorny 1325, Zamok 3035. Particular attention should be paid to the rotation of genealogical groups. It is recommended to use new unrelated animals from other regions to increase the genetic variability of traits in herds. In order to do this, selection should be carried out in accordance with the grading requirements and selection parameters calculated for a particular farm.