Abstract
The 3D-Navier-Stokes Equations (3D-NSE) describe the flow of fluids. Due to advanced numerical techniques and increased computer capacities, numerical solutions are available for many applications, but require expensive computations. In river hydraulics the Shallow Water Equations (SWE) are applied successfully to model the flow of water. They are derived from 3D-NSE via depth integration under the assumption that the vertical velocity components are negligible.Calculations for the flow of water in urban areas show differences between 3D-NSE and SWE. In particular when water is pressing out of a manhole or is flowing against or over a curb, vertical velocity components are not negligible.To give reliable forecasts for flood risks in urban areas with reduced computational efforts, SWE need to be modified appropriately.
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