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Abstract
Farmers routinely determine irrigation requirements from visual observations and cultivation experience, but this can lead to under- or over-irrigation. To establish precise irrigation technology for strawberry cultivation, the average daily evapotranspiration and water requirements were estimated according to the environmental data: air temperature and humidity from the center of the greenhouses and solar radiation from outside greenhouses. Makkink FAO24 equations (temperature and cloudiness) were used to estimate the evapotranspiration and water requirements. The temperature equation showed higher correlation coefficients in solar radiation (R2 = 0.60), evapotranspiration (R2 = 0.76), and water requirements (R2 = 0.69) than other tested equations. The daily irrigation, calculated from the estimated evapotranspiration, was 3.8 tons/10a. It is possible to develop a precision irrigation system from estimated evapotranspiration during the winter cultivation of “Seolhyang” strawberries in South Korea.
Highlights
Agriculture is the biggest global consumer of freshwater, accounting for up to 70% of the total use (FAO, 2016)
The air temperature (Figure 2C) and the accumulated radiation (Figure 2D) in a regional meteorological office during the same period displayed the same trend as the data in the greenhouse but the relative humidity (Figure 2C) and the vapor pressure deficit (Figure 2D) did not reveal a trend due to variations in the data
The results indicated that the average air temperature, relative humidity, and vapor pressure deficit data from the greenhouse were higher than those from a regional meteorological office except accumulated radiation
Summary
Agriculture is the biggest global consumer of freshwater, accounting for up to 70% of the total use (FAO, 2016). Freshwater shortages pose a serious threat to sustainable development and food security worldwide. Conservation and efficient use of freshwater in agriculture is necessary to increase crop production while preventing water deficiency (Tsang and Jim, 2016). Rainfall and irrigation are important freshwater sources in agriculture. Rainfall is unreliable and can cause deleterious effects, both in excess, through surface runoff and erosion, and in deficiency, resulting in drought. Irrigation is controllable and can be used as required. If rainfall is not secured and irregular, a well-controlled irrigation system should be used for crop cultivation instead of rainfall
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