Estimation of erodization of the irrigated soil cover in the Priazov zone

Abstract

The article considers the assessment of the degree of eroded irrigated soil cover based on field studies conducted in 2018 and 2020 in the Kuibyshev district of the Rostov region. Analysis and evaluation of diagnostic indicators of erosion processes was carried out in 12 point samples from the 0-20 cm soil layer. The main diagnostic indicators of the studied area are: humus content; mobile phosphorus and exchange potassium. A comparative assessment of the degree of site erosion is presented. It is noted that in 2018 there are medium-eroded areas (the area where the wells are located 2, 3, 8, 9, 11, 12), and in 2020, uneroded and slightly eroded soils are already observed on the site, which indicates that agro-reclamation measures are being taken to prevent negative processes. In 2018, the highest humus content was observed in well 6 (130.78 t/ha), and the lowest-in well 11 (85.54 t/ha). The lowest humus content for 2020 was found in well 8 (78.78 t/ha), the highest-in well 12 (91.78 t/ha), which corresponds to 2 and 1 degrees of erosion. In 2018 the availability of mobile phosphorus in the surveyed area is high, with the exception of sampling points 8 (22.29 mg / kg), 9 (15.71 mg/kg) and 12 (19.15 mg/kg), which corresponds to the degree of soil cover erosion from 0 to 3. The lowest values of exchange potassium are observed in 2018, which is typical for leaching of the main nutrients during irrigation. Further monitoring studies of the soil cover should be carried out systematically to assess the degree of erosion hazard during irrigation, which will serve as a basis for developing models and forecasts of changes in soil fertility.