Abstract
This study investigated the photosynthetic rate of the lichen Endocarpon pusillum at the Chinese Academy of Sciences Shapotou Desert Research Station and estimated its annual contribution to the carbon budget in the ecosystem. The software SigmaPlot 10.0 with "Macro-Area below curves" was used to calculate the carbon fixation capacity of the lichen. The total carbon budget (ΣC) of the lichen was obtained by subtracting the respiratory carbon loss (ΣDR) from the photosynthetic carbon gain (ΣNP). Because water from precipitation plays an important role in photosynthesis in this ecosystem, the annual carbon budget of E. pusillum at the station was estimated based on the three-year average precipitation data from 2009 to 2011. Our results indicate that the lichen fixes 14.6 g C m(-2) annually. The results suggest that artificial inoculation of the crust lichen in the Tengger Desert could not only help reduce the sand and dust storms but also offer a significant carbon sink, fixing a total of 438000 t of carbon over the 30000 km(2) of the Tengger Desert. The carbon sink could potentially help mitigate the atmospheric greenhouse effect. Our study suggests that the carpet-like lichen E. pusillum is an excellent candidate for "Bio-carpet Engineering" of arid and semi-arid regions.
Highlights
This study investigated the photosynthetic rate of the lichen Endocarpon pusillum at the Chinese Academy of Sciences Shapotou Desert Research Station and estimated its annual contribution to the carbon budget in the ecosystem
The strain of D. chodatii for the study is permanently stored in Centre for General Microbiological Culture Collection (CGMCC), and the specimen of the lichen E. pusillum is kept in Herbarium Mycologicum Academiae Sinicae (HMAS-L)
The results demonstrated that the respiratory rates of both the D. chodatii and E. pusillum were between 0 and 1 mol m 2 s 1 at 5°C
Summary
This study investigated the photosynthetic rate of the lichen Endocarpon pusillum at the Chinese Academy of Sciences Shapotou Desert Research Station and estimated its annual contribution to the carbon budget in the ecosystem. Ecological niches with native crust microbial communities showed little change in their soil water content [5] These crust microbial communities have helped stabilize the sands, with relatively few incidences of sand and dust storms [6]. This suggests that carpet-like crust microbial communities can be used to maintain and revitalize the water balance of arid and semi-arid regions, via a process called “Bio-carpet Engineering” [7]. Microbiotic crusts consisting of bacteria, fungi, algae, lichens, and bryophytes colonize most terrestrial surfaces, especially in arid and semi-arid regions These crust microbial communities are able to fix carbon and nitrogen from the atmosphere [8]. The lichen can be regarded as a self-contained miniature ecosystem [11,12,13]
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