Abstract
Aims:To evaluate the relationship between some of facial parameters including [(alae of nose, mouth, philtrum of upper lip) widths with interzygomatic distance] and straight maxillary intercanine distance for clinical application advantage. Materials and Methods: In this clinical study, (140) dental students in College of Dentistry/University of Mosul were examined and their facial and dental measurements were taken directly from each student by using an electronic digital vernier caliper. The data were collected and analyzed with computer to determine the correlation between the studied factors.Result: The results of this study demonstrated that all the measured parameters were larger in males than females which being statistically different between the two sexes and the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient test revealed that non of the facial parameters were measured had a significant correlation with straight maxillary intercanine cusp tips distance in females, while both of interzygomatic distance and philtrum width of upper lip had a significant correlation with straight maxillary intercanine cusp tips distance in males which they could be used to determine this distance for replacement of maxillary anterior teeth in males. Conclusion: Depending on previously mentioned results the straight maxillary intercanine distance was equal to interzygomatic distance divided by a factor of( 3.3), while multiplying the width of the philtrum of upper lip with a factor of ( 2.75) gives us an estimation of the straight maxillary intercanine cusp tips distance.
Highlights
In many countries of the world, much greater emphasis has to be placed in an individual's appearance and social professional interaction become even more numerous and more fleeting.[1]
The results of this study showed that all the measured facial and dental parameters were larger in males than females and the analysis of data revealed that a high significant differences exist between the two sexes at level of significance (0.01)for all the measured facial parameters except for Philtrum width of upper lip in which the difference between the means of two sexes was low significant at level of significance (0.05) as shown in Table [1], this table showed that the means of straight maxillary intercanine distance(SMICD) were (36.2, 34.4) mm for males, females respectively, the difference between the means of this distance was (1.8) mm which was highly significant at level of significance (0.01)
In Iraq, most of edentulous patients had no pre-extraction records or diagnostic cast while attending dental clinics so that the possibility of using existing dimension and measurements of the face as a guide for selection of teeth for edentulous patient was recommended.[14]. In this clinical study, all the facial measurements with straight maxillary intercanine distance were larger in males than females
Summary
In many countries of the world, much greater emphasis has to be placed in an individual's appearance and social professional interaction become even more numerous and more fleeting.[1]. It is essential that aesthetically pleasing and functionally comfortable dentures are provided.[2] the position of maxillary canines is of great importance for achieving a good esthetic, so chosen of its form and position is important because it is so visible during an expressive smile and reflect patient vigor,(3, 4) the width of nose serve as a guide for selection of mesio-distal dimension of anterior teeth and positioning the canine.[5]. The selection and arrangement of anterior teeth edentulous patients in natural and pleasing form has removed a challenging experience.[5]. Kassab NH of maxillary intercanine cusp tips position had been suggested by Wehner et al[10] other researchers[11] found a demonstrable relationship between interalar width and maxillary intercanine cusp tips width whereas the measurements that tabulated by Smith[12] demonstrated a low relationship between radiographic measurement of interalar width and maxillary intercanine cusp tip width while in young edentulous subjects a correlation between maxillary cupids teeth and the corners of the mouth had been found.[13]
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