Estimation of Combining Ability and Gene Action for Yield and Yield Components in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out in one of the farms in the AL- Sufi area of Anbar Governorate. Six Inbred lines of corn (Zea mays L.) (Pio-36, Sy-52, Am-63, Zm-69, ART-B17, NAdh-26) were used in this study. These lines were introduced into program Half dillael in the spring season 2019 15 hybrids were obtained. These crosses and their parents were in the full season using a randomized complete block design with three replications in the autumn season, to analyze the general and specific combining ability and estimate their effects, hybridization and some genetic parameters. The results of the statistical analysis showed that there were high significant differences between the genotypes (parents + hybrids) for all the studied traits, and the (Pio-36) was the best in plant height and leaf area as it reached 163.67 cm and 536.3 cm 2 respectively. In the ear diameter, the (ART-B17) was the highest and it reached 5.49cm, and in the Weight 300 grains (NAdh-26) was the highest, and it reached 78.33g, while the yield plant high value with line (Pio-36) was 203 g. In hybrids, the hybrid 3x5 gave the highest average for the number of grains per row, and it was 36.4 grains per row, and at 300 grains, the Add this word (hybrid 4x5) gave the highest hybrids and it reached 84.67 g, and the 4x5 hybrid gave the highest individual plant yield, as it reached 285.2 g. plant−1. The of heritability in the narrow sense was low in all the studied traits, and the value of the average degree of dominance was greater than one in all the studied traits, which indicates the importance of the effect of the over dominance of genes. It is concluded from the study the possibility of using some superior Inbred lines in their speculations to derive individual hybrids.