Abstract
In recent years Asian Nations showed concern over the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of their civil infrastructure. This study presents a contextual investigation of a residential apartment complex in the territory of the southern part of India. The LCA is performed through Building Information Modelling (BIM) software embedded with Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) of materials utilized in construction, transportation of materials and operational energy use throughout the building lifecycle. The results of the study illustrate that cement is the material that most contributes to carbon emissions among the other materials looked at in this study. The operational stage contributed the highest amount of carbon emissions. This study emphasizes variation in the LCA results based on the selection of a combination of definite software-database combinations and manual-database computations used. For this, three LCA databases were adopted (GaBi database and ecoinvent databases through One Click LCA software), and the ICE database was used for manual calculations. The ICE database showed realistic value comparing the GaBi and ecoinvent databases. The findings of this study are valuable for the policymakers and practitioners to accomplish optimization of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions over the building life cycle.
Highlights
The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is utilized to figure out carbon emissions (CO2 e) which is a blend of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) including CO2, methane (CH4 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ) [1,5]
The researchers conducted a comparison of LCA databases, and the results commonly indicate fundamental gaps in the methodologies used, which sometimes result in significant differences in the assessment results [14,15]
The study was conducted by several scholars where a large number of researchers found out that the methodology has some fundamental gaps in the results for the same products, which led to results which have variations in the life cycle assessments owing to software–database combinations
Summary
Societies worldwide have a significant unease over emissions of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) causing a boost to earth temperature [1]. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) study is essential to finding the carbon emissions generated by the build infrastructure. Life cycle assessment can be used to assess the impact of both production and service activities. Use of the LCA method can assess the environmental impact of an activity and/or activities that produce goods or services. The LCA is utilized to figure out carbon emissions (CO2 e) which is a blend of GHG including CO2 , methane (CH4 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ) [1,5]. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 14040 series standards address quantitative assessment methods for the assessment of the environmental aspects of a product or service in its entire life cycle stages within system boundaries and functional units [9]. Scope definition and objective; Analysis of inventory; Environmental impact assessment; Results and interpretations
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