Abstract
In this study, a reduction in sediment budget due to the development of a river watershed, resulting in coastal erosion, was reviewed, and the rate of background erosion was calculated through an examination of the loss of coastal sediment into the open sea. The west coast of the Korean peninsula is severely impacted by the intercept of inflowing sediments from rivers, owing to the watershed development. However, the effects have not fully propagated into the entire coastal area, and thus, the long-term coastal erosion remains insignificant. However, a serious and irrevocable disaster may occur once the coastal erosion begins. Therefore, an analysis of the coastal erosion resulting from changes in the sediment budget, due to the development of the watershed, was conducted on Janghang Songrim Beach. A littoral cell of the Geum River was selected for a quantitative analysis of the decrease in the sediment budget from the watershed development. The rate of coastal sediment loss offshore, which reflects the characteristics of the Janghang Songrim Beach, and the future rate of coastal erosion were calculated. Then, the results were verified by employing geometrically corrected satellite photographs from previous years. This will enable us to predict the time of coastal erosion in the future due to a reduction in the sediment budget and watershed development, and prepare for future disasters resulting from the coastal erosion. Based on research into the components constituting the coastal development, the present study presents theoretical formulae allowing the prediction of the sediment budget and providing a practical contribution to the prevention of coastal erosion, for which additional reliable studies need to be conducted.
Highlights
The discharge of sediment into river basins, resulting from changes in land use and forestation, changes in sediment budget in littoral cells through the construction of dams to control water resources, maintenance work conducted on rivers, and installation of underwater weirs, is continuously changing the environment
The reduction in the sediment budget was quantitated by analyzing the states of development in the watershed, and the quantitated results were applied to the area employed in the present study to identify the loss of sediment into the open sea by using past satellite photographs to predict the annual inflow amount of sand into the Janghang Songrim Beach
A methodology enabling the prediction of the background erosion rate of a beach from the reduction in the sediment inflow from rivers, attributed to the development of a watershed, is proposed
Summary
The discharge of sediment into river basins, resulting from changes in land use and forestation, changes in sediment budget in littoral cells through the construction of dams to control water resources, maintenance work conducted on rivers, and installation of underwater weirs, is continuously changing the environment. The Environment Agency [22] in the United Kingdom presented the Practitioners’ Guideline for Sediment Budget Analysis, which includes the concrete essentials and volume of littoral drift for an analysis of the sediment budget to prepare for a severe loss of the total amount of sediment Such presentations of littoral drift are useful as basic data for the evaluation of the effects of the respective background erosion rate resulting from the development of coastal waters and coastal landward boundaries as factors affecting coastal erosion, as well as for an analysis of the balance in. The reduction in the sediment budget was quantitated by analyzing the states of development in the watershed (construction of dams and estuary barriers), and the quantitated results were applied to the area employed in the present study to identify the loss of sediment into the open sea by using past satellite photographs to predict the annual inflow amount of sand into the Janghang Songrim Beach. The width of the shoreline retreat in the future (for the years 2050 and 2100) is predicted
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