Abstract
Many investigation techniques are commonly employed with the aim of estimating the spatial distribution of transmissivity. Unfortunately, the conventional methods for the determination of hydraulic parameters such as pumping tests, permeameter measurements and grain size analysis are invasive and relatively expensive. A geoelectric investigation involving vertical electrical sounding was carried in parts of Enugu town, Enugu state, Nigeria. The survey was aimed at extrapolating the result of pumping tests over an area. Using the Dar Zarrouk parameter, a β constant of 0.32 was found to translate resistivity to transmissivity with clay content as the primary factor controlling the hydraulic conductivity. Results of the study show a strong correlation between aquifer transmissivity and longitudinal conductance (R2 = 0.82). Estimation of aquifer transmissivity values based on the results of the resistivity measurements also made it possible to demarcate area with good groundwater potential in parts of Enugu town, Nigeria.
Highlights
As groundwater becomes more important as a source of uncontaminated water, improved hydrogeological knowledge, new groundwater exploration technologies and data processing methods must be efficient to facilitate investigations and evaluation of groundwater resources [1,2]
Estimation of aquifer transmissivity values based on the results of the resistivity measurements made it possible to demarcate area with good groundwater potential in parts of Enugu town, Nigeria
The main thrust of this paper is to use surface resistivity sounding in extrapolating pumping test results over an area, by estimating transmissivity from resistivity data in parts of Enugu town, where intermittent water supply and shortages are major problems of the inhabitants
Summary
As groundwater becomes more important as a source of uncontaminated water, improved hydrogeological knowledge, new groundwater exploration technologies and data processing methods must be efficient to facilitate investigations and evaluation of groundwater resources [1,2]. A number of outstanding papers and reports have been published on the application of resistivity techniques in evaluating the relationships between aquifer electrical and hydraulic properties [5,20,21,22,23,24]. For this purpose transformation of the aquifer resistivity distribution in terms of the aquifer Dar Zarrouk parameters requires the application of physically consequential relation derived either theoretically or empirically [25,26]. The main thrust of this paper is to use surface resistivity sounding in extrapolating pumping test results over an area, by estimating transmissivity from resistivity data in parts of Enugu town, where intermittent water supply and shortages are major problems of the inhabitants
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