Abstract
The possibility of estimating air temperature at 5 cm above grassland is examined using an empirical, as well as a theoretical approach. For this purpose, hourly data (air temperature, cloudiness, air pressure and wind speed) at the Zagreb-Maksimir Observatory (Croatia) for the period June–August 1975 have been used. A clustering procedure has been applied to form groups of days having similar diurnal variations in air temperature difference between 5 cm and 2 m. This procedure has identified, three groups of similar days (types). The air temperature at 5 cm above grassland has been estimated using multiple regression and a method which is based on the Monin–Obukhov similarity theory. The results obtained are more accurate for near-neutral stability conditions, i.e. during cloudy weather (Type 1), and the least accurate in the case of a clear sky (Type 3). Through clustering, systematic errors have been discovered in these approaches, which are briefly discussed.
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