Estimation de l’incidence des événements iatrogènes médicamenteux dans les services de pneumologie de deux hôpitaux de Seine-Saint-Denis

Abstract

The aim of this study was to explore the frequency and type of adverse drug reactions between January and June 2001 in hospitalised patients. A prospective study was conducted in two pneumology departments of public hospitals in the Seine-Saint-Denis area. Adverse drug reactions were collected by hospital pharmacists after spontaneous notification by nurses and physicians, except for deliberate drug overdose. The drugs implicated, causality and the severity of each adverse drug reaction were analysed. The mean age of patients was 69±15 years (63% male and 37% female). The total sample comprised 1598 patients. During the period of the study, 190 patients experienced at least one adverse drug reaction. This amounts to a prevalence of 12% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 7,4–16,6%). The percentage of severe adverse effects was 28,4% (95% CI: 25,1–31,6%) and adverse reactions were rated avoidable in 35,8% of cases (95% CI: 32,3–39,3%). Antibiotics (23%), corticosteroids (15%), analgesics (13%) and anticoagulants (9%) were the drugs most frequently implicated in adverse effects. Preventable adverse drug events were more serious than non-preventable adverse events (p=0.001). With regard to the level of severity, antibiotics, corticosteroids and bronchodilators were associated with a low severity level, whereas anticoagulants and antineoplastics were associated with a high severity level.