Abstract
In this study the principal focus is to examine the influence of psychological stress (both positive and negative stress) on the human articulation and to determine the vocal tract transfer function of an individual using inverse filtering technique. Both of these analyses are carried out by estimating various voice parameters. The outcomes of the analysis of psychological stress indicate that all the voice parameters are affected due to the influence of stress on humans. About 35 out of 51 parameters follow a unique course of variation from normal to positive and negative stress in 32% of the total analyzed signals. The upshot of the analysis is to determine the vocal tract transfer function for each vowel for an individual. The analysis indicates that it can be computed by estimating the mean of the pole zero plots of that individual’s vocal tract estimated for the whole day. Besides this, an analysis is presented to find the relationship between the LPC coefficients of the vocal tract and the vocal tract cavities. The results of the analysis indicate that all the LPC coefficients of the vocal tract are affected due to change in the position of any cavity.
Highlights
The goal of this experiment was to estimate the glottal flow or glottal pulses from the voice signal of vowels using iterative adaptive inverse filtering (IAIF) algorithm described in the above section by using MATLAB as well as SIMULINK [16,17,18]
We have presented the speech signal analysis using inverse filtering and LPC coefficient approach to estimate some of the important speech parameters like glottal pulse estimation, glottal pulse timing and amplitude parameters, glottal pulse derivative parameters, voice parameters based on time, frequency and energy, MFC coefficients for feature extraction, pitch, intensity, and pole zero plot
The formant parameters were compared with the same parameters obtained using phonetic software PRAAT
Summary
After the larynx stage the signal passes through the vocal tract which consists of three cavities; pharynx cavity, oral cavity, and nasal cavity These organs are helpful in shaping the modulated airflow spectrally and in adjusting the quality of speech [2]. Initially the folds are in closed position (air flow is zero above vocal folds); they are opening slowly (air flow is increasing); they are fully open (air flow is maximized), and after that they are closing at a faster rate as shown in the figure From this we can determine the time duration of one glottal cycle, which is known as pitch period and the reciprocal of pitch period is known as fundamental frequency [1]. Negative stress causes anxiety, feels unpleasant, and decreases performance [9]
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