Abstract
The sustainable use of clean and safe sources of energy is indeed a global challenge. Traditional and unsafe forms of energy use is predominant among households in sub-Saharan Africa. This is not only a threat to the environment, but also constitutes health risk to the population. In the Nigeria context, this study provides the first attempt to estimate household energy poverty status and also investigate the driving factors of household energy poverty status using the National Demographic Health Survey (NDHS) dataset. The analytical techniques adopted in this study are based on Multidimensional Energy Poverty Index (MEPI) and Tobit regression model. Our results show that national average MEPI was 0.38, suggesting that majority of the households are energy poor. Energy poverty is however found to be higher in rural areas than in urban areas. We also found that male-headed households, age, rural sector and northeast residents are found to be the energy poverty enhancing factors, while household income and credit access are energy poverty inhibiting factors. The study concludes that income smoothening among other energy poverty reduction interventions should be prioritized, especially among rural households in order to help them exit energy poverty trap.
Highlights
Energy is crucial for the well-being of society, serving as an important component for attaining good education, health, and good quality life in general
Et al [13] examined the energy poverty in Ecuador using a multidimensional energy poverty index (MEPI) and the results showed that the challenge of energy poverty persists in Ecuadorian households as well as at national level
The dataset used for the study was obtained from the National Demographic Health Survey collected by National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) were used
Summary
Energy is crucial for the well-being of society, serving as an important component for attaining good education, health, and good quality life in general. Access to modern energy is critical for economic development via its contribution to improved health conditions, reducing indoor air pollution, increasing production and productivity [1]. Despite the massive contribution of energy to economic progress and the important role that it plays in the process of economic development, there are indicators that the global energy system will face various challenges that will question issues of sustainability and energy security in the future. Among the challenges are increasing risks of shortages of energy supply, especially non-renewable sources; the threat to the environment caused by fossil fuel energy production and use; and persistent energy poverty. These challenges can be remedied only through effective and coordinated government actions and public supports [2]. Lack of physical and economic access to reliable energy hampers economic growth and reduce the welfare of citizens [2]
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