Abstract
2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is a major groundwater contaminant at military bases and ordnance manufacturing and testing facilities. Remediation methods to date are costly and invasive, often to a prohibitive degree. Application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) particles for contaminant removal offers a more cost-effective, less invasive method of treatment. NZVI particles were synthesized using sodium borohydride and iron (III) chloride. A mass of 5 g/L of NZVI was found to degrade 75 mg/L of TNT completely in under 30 min. Diaminonitrotoluenes accumulated in solution and only 60.7% of initial TNT was recovered as final products. Aminodinitrotoluene reaction rates were three times slower than TNT reaction rates. Reaction kinetics suggested a pseudo first-order relationship between NZVI and TNT, with an average rate of 0.216 L/min, but as the NZVI particles were increasingly oxidized, second-order kinetics became significant. Through a respiking experiment where NZVI was repeatedly exposed to fresh TNT...
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