Estimating the Proportion of Bone Mineral Density Loss in Patients with Normal Kidney Function among South Indian Population

Abstract

Background: Bone Mineral density (BMD) is considered as one of the golden tool to measure the bone quality in which two measurements namely T- Score and Z –score are used to report the BMD test results. Whenever there is deterioration of BMD it is associated with low skeletal mass. Creatinine is a chemical waste molecule that is generated from this muscle metabolism. Creatinine is a good marker for muscle mass. However, limited studies have been done which tell us the association between BMD loss and serum creatinine (SCr) levels.Methodology: 200 participants who were referred for CECT abdomen and pelvis were scanned using 128 slice Philips Brilliance CT. Using BMD software, four different vertebral bodies from L1-L4 were taken and ROI was placed at the central portion of the trabecular bone, two reference ROI’s, one in retro spinal muscle and one in fat tissue were also placed. To measure CT attenuation value, a ROI graphic tool was drawn at the trabecular bone. Average HU of BMD, T score and Z score values were taken from L1-L4.Statistical Analysis: The data was analysed using SSPS version 16.0. For assessment of normal BMD values, the results of measurements were averaged for age, creatinine level, T score and Z score and descriptive statistics was calculated. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to estimate the correlation between serum creatinine with T score and Z score.Results: T Score and SCr correlated negatively at -0.25. The correlation between Z Score and SCr was also negatively correlated at -0.187.Conclusion: It was evident from the study findings, that there is a non-association between SCr and T Score levels which showed that BMD of a person was not associated with normal kidney function. Thus, SCr levels cannot be used as a biomarker for osteoporosis or osteopenia.