Abstract
The volcanic landforms associated with fluvial topography in the Hantangang River Volcanic Field (HRVF) have geoheritage value. The Hantangang basalt geological landform stretches along 110 km of the paleoriver channel of the Hantangang River. Since the eruption that formed this basalt occurred from 0.15 to 0.51 Ma, estimating the eruption in the HRVF that originated from two source vents in North Korea (Orisan Mountain and the 680 m peak) is challenging due to the limited recorded data for this eruption. In this study, we estimated this prehistorical eruption using 3D printing of a terrain model and Q-LavHA simulation. The results from the experiment were further analyzed using findings from an artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM) to classify the experimental lava area. The SVM classification results showed higher accuracy and efficiency in the computational process than the ANN algorithm. Results from the single eruptive vent scenario showed that the experiment had a higher accuracy than the Q-LavHA simulation. Further analysis of multiple vent scenarios in the Q-LavHA simulation has improved the accuracy compared with the single eruptive vent scenarios.
Highlights
The volcanic activity that produces lava flows is known as the effusive eruption type, and this explosive type produces fragmented material, such as pyroclastic flows [1]
The experimental results show that a 29 mL solution was used for the eruption of Orisan Mountain and 13 mL was used for the eruption from the 680 m peak
The experiment and simulation of the Hantangang River Volcanic Field were conducted to study the prehistorical eruption of Orisan Mountain that formed the present-day
Summary
The volcanic activity that produces lava flows is known as the effusive eruption type, and this explosive type produces fragmented material, such as pyroclastic flows [1]. The sizes or scales of explosive volcanic eruptions are determined by the volcanic explosion index (VEI) [2]. The VEI measures the erupted volume and eruption plume column height on a scale of 0 to 8 [3]. The largest volcanic eruption with a VEI of 8 occurred on Younger Toba Tuff, Indonesia, with a magnitude of 8.8 at ca. The effusive eruption type was measured based on the scale of the eruption by the lava effusion rate [6]. The highest effusive-type eruption in recorded history occurred from Laki volcano, Iceland
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