Estimating the hazards of floods in the Gulasur Basin in the Sulaymaniyah Governorate - Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Abstract

The indicators values of the Morphometric Analysis of the Gulasur Basin, which has an area of 556.02 km2, as the ratio of elongation, rotation ratio and form factor, indicated that it is a highly rectangular basin. While the values of the relief aspects, which are represented by the relief ratio, the relative relief and Ruggedness number, indicated the high runoff and the low percentage of leachate in the basin. In addition to other indicators such as stream frequency, drainage density and bifurcation rate. And other hydromorphometric indicators had a hydrological response that reflected the volume of runoff, leg time and discharge rate, which led to a decrease in the reservoir potential of groundwater, and a high contribution to surface runoff. Thus, increasing the chances of water gathering in the main riverbed leads to an increase in the chances of flooding, however, the length of the distance traveled by the water from the top of the basin to the downstream makes the running water, moderately hazards waves with a late arrival.