Abstract
This paper presents analytical tools developed for estimating the effects of structural vibration on closed-loop adaptive optics system image quality. The general equation for the normalized intensity distribution of an image subject to structural vibration is derived. The resulting two-dimensional theoretical point spread function is computed numerically and compared with empirical data obtained on sky at the Multiple Mirror Telescope Observatory. A simplified analytical expression for the normalized intensity distribution is derived for long exposures and used to quantify the effects on Strehl and spot full width at half-maximum as a function of vibration amplitude, telescope diameter, and observation wavelength.
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