Abstract
BackgroundThis study estimated genital warts prevalence, genital-warts-related healthcare resource use and costs, and self-reported human-papillomavirus-related psychosocial impact among male and female patients aged 18–60 years in the Philippines.MethodsPrevalence was estimated using daily logs numbering genital warts patients treated by participating physicians in 4 Philippine regions over a 5-week period (09JUL2011-24SEP2012). Physicians also completed a survey assessing patient referral patterns, healthcare resource use, treatment, and follow-up care. Psychosocial impact was estimated using the human papillomavirus impact profile and the EQ-5D questionnaires. HIP and EQ-5D scores were compared according to the presence of GW (males) and HPV disease (females). CECA scores were also compared by gender and age groups.ResultsOverall genital warts prevalence was estimated at 4.78% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.58–4.98%) for men and women aged 18–60 years. Genital warts prevalence was 3.39% (95% CI: 3.13–3.65%) and 8.0% (95% CI: 7.69–8.31%) among women and men, respectively. Prevalence estimates were highest in infectious disease specialist practices 18.67% (95% CI: 18.66–18.69%). Two thirds of the 233 (69.14%) male and 166 (67.20%) female patients were newly-diagnosed genital warts cases. Median costs for genital warts diagnosis and treatment reached 7121 and 7000 Philippine pesos among men and women, respectively. In the Cuestionario Específico para Condiloma Acuminado questionnaire, no statistically significant differences between patients were observed. In the EQ-5D questionnaire, male genital warts patients reported lower mean visual analogue scale scores than those without genital warts (78.20 vs 86.34, p < 0.0001). Mean visual analogue scale score values and utility values were lower for women with human-papillomavirus-related diseases than those without (77.98 vs 78.93, and 0.84 vs 0.88, respectively).ConclusionsGenital warts is prevalent in the Philippines; more than 60% of cases were newly diagnosed, contributing to high genital-warts-related healthcare resource costs. Diagnosis of genital warts and human papillomavirus negatively impacted psychosocial indices such as patient well-being and health-related quality of life.
Highlights
This study estimated genital warts prevalence, genital-warts-related healthcare resource use and costs, and self-reported human-papillomavirus-related psychosocial impact among male and female patients aged 18–60 years in the Philippines
Participant physicians completed a daily log during a 2-week period, recording information on the number of patients seen for all causes, including their age and gender; the number of genital warts (GW) patients seen for new or existing disease episodes; and the number of patients retained for treatment versus those referred to another specialist for treatment or for follow-up with the general practitioner
Prevalence by gender and physician specialty showed that patients treated by an infectious disease specialist (IDS) had a high prevalence among male (19.7%) and female (17.3%) patients (Table 1)
Summary
This study estimated genital warts prevalence, genital-warts-related healthcare resource use and costs, and self-reported human-papillomavirus-related psychosocial impact among male and female patients aged 18–60 years in the Philippines. Low-grade HPV includes subtypes 6 and 11, which are estimated to cause approximately 90% of genital warts (GW) cases [1, 4]. Research suggests that an estimated 6.2 million new GW infections occur annually in individuals aged 14–44 years [6]. A 2015 study using data compiled from regional and national registries from 32 European countries found the estimated annual number of new GW cases ranged between 755,937 and 938, 212 in 2015 [11]. In Australia, GW incidence was estimated at 2.19 cases per 1000 with a lifetime prevalence of approximately 4% among Australians aged 16 to 59 years [12,13,14]. In Spain, the overall estimated prevalence of GW was 182/100,000 (population) [7]
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