Abstract
A variety of activity-related cardiac measurements were investigated as correlates of minute ventilation to establish subject-specific calibration models for selected variables with ventilation. Thoracic electrical impedance (TEI) estimates of cardiac output, blood acceleration, and systolic time intervals were used to improve the estimation of ventilation from heart rate alone for ambulatory studies. After informed consent, nine healthy subjects (25 to 49 years) were instrumented for ECG and TEI measurements and exercised at five levels and in two postures during simultaneous spirometry and pneumotachometry. Univariate models for ventilation versus heart rate produced correlations of 0.89 to 0.99 (mean=0.96). Multivariate models for ventilation showed improved correlations of 0.95 to 1.00 (mean=0.98). The multivariate model helped to bring the resting data in line with the exercise data, thereby resolving differences in posture and activity. By applying ambulatory ECG and TEI measurements to subject-specific, regression models, continuous estimates of ventilation can be recorded during everyday activities.
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