Estimating Emission of Leaves Seedlings Forest in Different Shading Levels, at Conditions of Transition Amazon-Cerrado, Brazil

Emanoeli Borges Monteiro,Andréa Carvalho Da Silva,Adilson Pacheco De Souza,Cátia Cardoso Da Silva

doi:10.4236/ajps.2014.515247

Emanoeli Borges Monteiro, Andréa Carvalho Da Silva + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2014.515247

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Abstract

This study determined the thermal requirements of forest native seedlings (Hymenolobium petraeum and Parkia pendula) and exotic seedlings (Adenanthera pavonina and Cassia fistula) all belonging to Fabaceae family, in three shading conditions (full sun, 50% and 65% of global radiation attenuation by poliefinas black screens). Also they were estimated of leaf emergence by Phyllochron and the Wang and Engel models, on climatological conditions at Sinop (Region of Transition Amazon-Cerrado), Mato Grosso State, Brazil, for winter period (between June and August of 2012). The minimum (Tb) and maximum (TB) basal temperatures and the optimum temperature (Topt) of growth of each species were estimated by regressions between relative growth rates and minimum, maximum and average temperatures, respectively. The values of the estimated Tb were 15.0d to TB were 39.7d and to Topt were 24.4&degC, 24.9&degC, 24.9&degC and 25.1&degC to A. pavonina, C. fistula, H. petraeum and P. pendula, respectively. The Phyllochron model showed highest efficiency in the estimation of leaf appearance when compared to Wang and Engel method.

Highlights

The growth, development and yield of plants are resultant from interactions between environmental factors, crop management and genotype, being a high productivity dependent of metabolic efficiency and use of environmental resources [1]
The information is vital for the appropriate implementation of management for forest species, as well to improve the quality of produced seedlings, increasing the probability of successful implementation in plantations, whether for production or recovery [14]. In this context, considering the lack of information about the ecophysiological aspects of tropical forest seedlings, this study aimed to determine the thermal requirements of the following species: Adenanthera pavonina (L.), Cassia fistula (L.), Hymenolobium petraeum (Ducke) and Parkia pendula (Willd.), and estimate the leaf emission in forest seedlings, in different shading levels, in Sinop (Amazon-Cerrado transition), Mato Grosso State, Brazil
Wang and Engel (WE) model was expressed by the general formula [14]: leaf appearance rate (LAR) = LARmax f (T )

Summary

Introduction

The growth, development and yield of plants are resultant from interactions between environmental factors, crop management and genotype, being a high productivity dependent of metabolic efficiency and use of environmental resources [1]. The vegetables are organisms highly responsive to environment where they live, and influenced by factors such as solar radiation, temperature, water and nutrient availability. The solar radiation availability affects the morphogenetic, phototropism and photosynthetic processes [2] [3], establishing itself as the driving force of the latter process as it leads to the transformation of atmospheric CO2 in metabolic energy [4]. Its properties such as intensity, quality, duration and direction of solar radiation interfere on metabolic responses and development of plants [3] [5]. The characterizations of regarding adaptation under varied conditions are based on analysis of their growth characteristics, physiological behavior, speed standards and allocation efficiency of dry matter [6] [7]

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