Abstract
In the last four decades there has been a significant increase in experiences to implement marine spatial planning and the interest of the scientific community in evaluating the impacts of these policies. In this context, a lack of tools and techniques to be applied to the evaluation of strictly economic impacts is evident. Based on knowledge of the direct economic impacts on production in the activity sectors affected by marine planning, the aim of this study is to propose an input-output methodology to estimate total economic impacts that include indirect and induced impacts. This methodology has been applied to three case studies: The German Baltic Sea, Belgium and the North Sea and Skagerrak Strait of Norway. The positive effects derived from the application of these policies have been estimated in the three case studies, both in terms of increased production as well as value added and employment. In general, these positive impacts are concentrated in just a few marine-related sectors, although they also appear in other non-marine sectors. The results obtained offer a more complete view of the economic effects of these public planning policies and the methodology followed can be used as an applicable policy guideline to analyse other similar cases.
Highlights
Marine spatial planning (MSP), in addition to reducing conflicts of use and promoting compatibility between alternative uses of the sea and its resources, aims to have parties collaborate on sustainable use and conservation of the marine environment
The aim of this study is to continue to develop the methodology for estimating economic impacts associated with MSP through the study of three specific cases: The German Baltic region, Belgium, and the North Sea and Skagerrak Strait regions of Norway
In a recent study [49], a four-phase methodology to estimate the economic impacts derived from MSP implementation was proposed
Summary
Marine spatial planning (MSP), in addition to reducing conflicts of use and promoting compatibility between alternative uses of the sea and its resources, aims to have parties collaborate on sustainable use and conservation of the marine environment. Achieving this difficult balance between ecological, biological, socioeconomic and institutional aspects is one of the essential requirements of ecosystem-based management [1]. Around 140 MSP plans in 70 countries have been developed and implemented or are in the process of being prepared at the national, regional or local levels [11,12,13,14]. In other EU countries (Portugal, Poland, Malta, Sweden and Denmark), their plans are at a very advanced stage [20,21,22,23,24,25]
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