Estimating Degradation Costs for Non-Cyclic Usage of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Tomás Cortés-Arcos,José L Bernal-Agustín,Rodolfo Dufo-López

doi:10.3390/app10155330

Tomás Cortés-Arcos, José L Bernal-Agustín + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/app10155330

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Journal: Applied sciences	Publication Date: Aug 1, 2020
Citations: 3	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Universidad de Zaragoza

Abstract

Estimating the degradation costs of lithium-ion batteries is essential to the designs of many systems because batteries are increasingly used in diverse applications. In this study, cyclic and calendar degradation models of lithium batteries were considered in optimization problems with randomized non-cyclic batteries use. Such models offer realistic results. Electrical, thermal, and degradation models were applied for lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (NMC) and lithium iron phosphate (LFP) technologies. Three possible strategies were identified to estimate degradation costs based on cell models. All three strategies were evaluated via simulations and validated by comparing the results with those obtained by other authors. One strategy was discarded because it overestimates costs, while the other two strategies give good results, and are suitable for estimating battery degradation costs in optimization problems that require deterministic models.

Highlights

This study aims to determine which cell technology models are most suitable for estimating batteries’degradation costs to determine the most appropriate model for use in optimization problems
In lithium-ion batteries, the main reason for calendar degradation is an increase in the solid electrolyte interface layer on the negative electrode
The most crucial reason is the accumulation of lithium on the negative electrode [1]

Summary

Introduction

This study aims to determine which cell technology models are most suitable for estimating batteries’. Degradation costs to determine the most appropriate model for use in optimization problems. It is common to consider two types of battery degradation: calendar and cyclic. Calendar degradation occurs when a battery is at rest, i.e., when it is neither being charged nor discharged. Cyclic degradation occurs when the battery is being charged or discharged. In lithium-ion batteries, the main reason for calendar degradation is an increase in the solid electrolyte interface layer on the negative (graphite) electrode. The most crucial reason is the accumulation of lithium on the negative electrode [1]

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