Abstract
All construction activities will inevitably produce CO2 emissions from the production process of materials, transportation, the usage of plant and equipment, the construction process, up to building demolition. Therefore, it is very important to understand the construction process and the amount of CO2 emissions released at each stage of the construction process. This research aims to estimate the amount of CO2 emissions during the construction process of a rigid pavement project. Data collection is done by observing rigid pavement of Palur Flyover project as a case study. The results show the total CO2 emissions during the construction process equals 92.901 tonnes CO2e, consisting of 91.334 tonnes CO2e (98.3%) of off-site activities, and 1.567 tonnes CO2e (1.7%) of on-site activities. The highest emission from off-site activities coming from material production of cement and steel rebars of 88.166 tonnes CO2e (94.9%), and the material transportation process of 3.168 tonnes CO2e (3.4%). This research shows that off-site construction activities, i.e. material production and transportation significantly influence the extent of CO2 emissions in this rigid pavement project. Therefore, it is recommended that strategic efforts for reducing the CO2 emissions of other typical rigid pavement projects should focus on these two.
Highlights
Global warming has been considered as a real threat to the world
CO2 equivalent emissions (CO2e) emissions produced during the construction process are caused by material production, material transportation, and the use of heavy equipment
The CO2 emissions from the off-site project activities were 91.334 tonnes CO2e, which were obtained from the material production process of 88.166 tonnes CO2e (94.9%) and the material transportation process of 3.168 tonnes CO2e (3.4%)
Summary
Global warming has been considered as a real threat to the world. It has a negative effect on living things, and could damage the environment sustainability. Environmental pollution has been considered as the main contributors to the global warming. Based on data from the USA, the construction projects are accounted 39% of CO2 gas emissions. It is far greater than the transportation field and industry [2], while data from the European Union mentioned 11% of CO2 emissions [3] and 18.1% in Australia [4]. One of the construction processes that produce relatively large CO2 emissions is road construction project. The concept of green construction means environmentally friendly construction through work methods, usage of materials, usage of constructionequipment, management,and supervision[6]
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