Abstract
Black soldier fly larvae treatment is an emerging technology for the conversion of biowaste into potentially more sustainable and marketable high-value products, according to circular economy principles. Unknown or variable performance for different biowastes is currently one challenge that prohibits the global technology up-scaling. This study describes simulated midgut digestion for black soldier fly larvae to estimate biowaste conversion performance. Before simulation, the unknown biowaste residence time in the three midgut regions was determined on three diets varying in protein and non-fiber carbohydrate content. For the static in vitro model, diet residence times of 15 min, 45 min, and 90 min were used for the anterior, middle, and posterior midgut region, respectively. The model was validated by comparing the ranking of diets based on in vitro digestion products to the ranking found in in vivo feeding experiments. Four artificial diets and five biowastes were digested using the model, and diet digestibility and supernatant nutrient contents were determined. This approach was able to distinguish broadly the worst and best performing rearing diets. However, for some of the diets, the performance estimated based on in vitro results did not match with the results of the feeding experiments. Future studies should try to establish a stronger correlation by considering fly larvae nutrient requirements, hemicellulose digestion, and the diet/gut microbiota. In vitro digestion models could be a powerful tool for academia and industry to increase conversion performance of biowastes with black soldier fly larvae.
Highlights
Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL), Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), treatment is an emerging technology for the conversion of biowaste (Dortmans et al, 2017) into marketable highvalue products according to circular economy principles (Bortolini et al, 2020; Cappellozza et al, 2019; Leong et al, 2016; Setti et al, 2019; Vilcinskas, 2013; Wang and Shelomi, 2017)
The present study determined, for the first time, diet midgut residence times and diet intake using artificial diets varying in protein and Non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC) content
Despite the variability between larvae, the results of this study demonstrate that diet residence time in the different midgut regions of BSFL is influenced by the protein and NFC content in the diet
Summary
⇑ Corresponding author.Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL), Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), treatment is an emerging technology for the conversion of biowaste (Dortmans et al, 2017) into marketable highvalue products according to circular economy principles (Bortolini et al, 2020; Cappellozza et al, 2019; Leong et al, 2016; Setti et al, 2019; Vilcinskas, 2013; Wang and Shelomi, 2017). M. Gold et al / Waste Management 112 (2020) 40–51 feed markets, BSFL treatment can have environmental benefits. Depending on the operational conditions, BSFL conversion can reduce emissions from biowaste treatment in comparison to composting (Ermolaev et al, 2019; Mertenat et al, 2019; Pang et al, 2020), and animal feed products can have a lower environmental impacts than conventional feeds when produced with BSFL (Smetana et al, 2019, 2016)
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