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Abstract
Calibration consistency between Ku-band radars flown on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission's (TRMM's) precipitation radar (PR) and the global precipitation measurement (GPM) mission's dual-frequency PR (DPR) can be attained by the use of the normalized radar cross section (NRCS) or σ <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sup> over the oceans. With the use of the sea surface echo (SSE) data obtained from the spaceborne PRs, this article aims to estimate the radar parameters of pulsewidth and beamwidth and to evaluate the bias in the NRCS estimates caused by the discrete range sampling. Since the SSE shape is closely related to the received pulsewidth and the two-way cross-track beamwidth, those parameters are individually estimated from the SSE shapes. The SSE shapes are also used to evaluate the impact of the discrete range sampling on the NRCS statistics. The pulsewidth and beamwidth estimated from the SSEs compare well with the level-1 values and accurately reflect changes in the configuration of the radars. The NRCS statistics in GPM version 06 show that the calibration consistency between GPM KuPR and TRMM PR is evaluated within the range of -0.39 to +0.03 dB (-0.48 to +0.11 dB) with (without) the peak correction.
Highlights
T HE dual-frequency precipitation radar (DPR) onboard the core observatory of the global precipitation measurement (GPM) mission [1], [2] has continued the precipitation observations that began with the first spaceborne precipitation radar (PR) flown onboard the tropical rainfall measuring mission (TRMM) satellite [3], [4]
Since the sea surface echo (SSE) is closely related to the received pulsewidth and the two-way antenna beamwidth, these parameters are individually estimated from the SSE shapes
The bias due to the discrete range sampling is estimated by the SSE to intercompare the calibration consistency obtained from the σ 0 statistics for PR and DPR
Summary
T HE dual-frequency precipitation radar (DPR) onboard the core observatory of the global precipitation measurement (GPM) mission [1], [2] has continued the precipitation observations that began with the first spaceborne precipitation radar (PR) flown onboard the tropical rainfall measuring mission (TRMM) satellite [3], [4]. Spaceborne PRs such as the PR and DPR enables the accurate precipitation estimates over ocean and land by observing the 3-D structure of precipitation. A record of precipitation observations over 20 years has been compiled by the PR and DPR beginning in December 1997 to the present. Manuscript received September 7, 2019; revised December 2, 2019; accepted December 18, 2019. Date of publication January 22, 2020; date of current version July 22, 2020.
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