Abstract
Aim of the study. To estimate biomass and carbon accumulation in a young and disturbed forest (regenerated after a tornado) and an aged cork oak forest (undisturbed forest) as well as its distribution among the different pools (tree, litter and soil).Area of study. The north west of TunisiaMaterial and methods. Carbon stocks were evaluated in the above and belowground cork oak trees, the litter and the 150 cm of the soil. Tree biomass was estimated in both young and aged forests using allometric biomass equations developed for wood stem, cork stem, wood branch, cork branch, leaves, roots and total tree biomass based on combinations of diameter at breast height, total height and crown length as independent variables.Main results. Total tree biomass in forests was 240.58 Mg ha-1 in the young forest and 411.30 Mg ha-1 in the aged forest with a low root/shoot ratio (0.41 for young forest and 0.31 for aged forest). Total stored carbon was 419.46 Mg C ha-1 in the young forest and 658.09 Mg C ha-1 in the aged forest. Carbon stock (Mg C ha-1) was estimated to be113.61(27.08%) and 194.08 (29.49%) in trees, 3.55 (0.85%) and 5.73 (0.87%) in litter and 302.30 (72.07%) and 458.27 (69.64%) in soil in the young and aged forests, respectively.Research highlights. Aged undisturbed forest had the largest tree biomass but a lower potential for accumulation of carbon in the future; in contrast, young disturbed forest had both higher growth and carbon storage potential.Keywords: Tree biomass; disturbance; allometry; cork oak forests; soil organic carbon stock.
Highlights
Forest ecosystems play a crucial role in climate change mitigation by acting as sinks (e.g. Dixon et al, 1994; Lal, 2004; Mohanraj et al, 2011)
In undisturbed forests, total ecosystem carbon stocks generally increase with stand age as pools of living biomass, forest floor material, and mineral soil carbon accumulate through stand development before leveling off in older stands (Law et al, 2004; Peltoniemi et al, 2004; Powers et al, 2012)
The sites did not differ significantly in micrometeorological conditions (Table 1), but they significantly differed in stand structure
Summary
Forest ecosystems play a crucial role in climate change mitigation by acting as sinks (e.g. Dixon et al, 1994; Lal, 2004; Mohanraj et al, 2011). Carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is accumulated in terms of the organic matter in soil and trees, and it continuously cycles between forests and the atmosphere through the decomposition of dead organic matter (Alexandrov, 2007). Forest ecosystems are estimated to store about 44% in biomass, 11% in necromass and 45% in soils (FAO, 2010) but this range varies across biomes. The amount of carbon stored in a forest stand depends on its age and productivity (Alexandrov, 2007). In undisturbed forests, total ecosystem carbon stocks generally increase with stand age as pools of living biomass, forest floor material (organic soil horizons), and mineral soil carbon accumulate through stand development before leveling off in older stands (Law et al, 2004; Peltoniemi et al, 2004; Powers et al, 2012)
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