Estimate of Available Soil Water and The Physical Condition of Soil for Different Use Soils

Abstract

Three sites of different soils have been identified. The soil of the first site is planted with a field crop (wheat plant), the soil of the second site planted with a horticultural crop (Loquat plant) and the soil of the third site (uncultivated) in Dhuluiya district of Salah al-Din Governorate. Many laboratory tests were conducted, represented by measuring : Moisture tensile, bulk density, texture, total porosity, gravimetric and volumetric humidity, electrical conductivity EC, degree of soil interaction PH, organic matter OM, estimation of bicarbonate and carbonate and after obtaining the data were treated with several mathematical programs: RETC, SAWcal in order to find several indications Physics such as PAW100, PAW330, and soil physical quality index (S), and the following results were obtained: The decrease in the bulk density values of the soil of the third site (not cultivated), as it reached 1.43, 1.29 and 1.23 g / cm3 compared to the soil of the first site (wheat) 1.55, 1.58 and 1.61 g / cm 3 and the soil of the second site (Loquat), which reached 1.6 And 1.6 and 1.6 g / cm3 due to the high clay content in the third site, which leads to a decrease in bulk density. The water holding capacity of soil, represented by the values of ready soil water at 1 bar and 0.3 bar, was higher in the soil of the third site compared to the first and second sites, due to the high values of water conductivity in the soil of the first site. The high values of the water conductivity in the soil of the third site (not cultivated), as it reached 0.015037, 0.015872 and 0.021653 cm / min compared to the soil of the first site (wheat), as it reached 0.008577, 0.007209 and 0.004241 cm / min, and the soil of the second site (Loquat) It was 0.003955, 0.00507, and 0.006741 cm / min. The physical quality of the soil obtained through the previous indicators showing that the soil of the first site (wheat) possesses a (good) physical quality, then the soil of the second site (Loquat) possesses a (good) physical quality as well while the soil of the third site (not cultivated) possesses (very good) physical quality