Abstract
A survey uses this new information: the statistical calculation and interpretation to determine the characteristics of sediments in the reservoir’s “Dodar Ladiz” dam. It is a useful and efficient way to use clay minerals as mineral tracer for identifying the sources and assessing erosion rate in the Dodar Ladiz dam watershed in a statistical method. The existence of four main clay minerals includes Kaolinite, Montmorillonite, Illite and Chlorite. The estimated watershed erosion rate is 2220.64 tons per square kilometer per year. Data ANOVA table in the inter/intra group communication of the clay minerals in the Dodar Ladiz dam watershed samples is shown by F-test statistics; there is a significant difference between the frequency of clay minerals in the samples with 95% confidence rate (P value < 0.05). Therefore, they can be divided into six groups. The average rates of the clay minerals are not equal in any of homogeneous hydrological reservoir units of the dam. Kruskal-Wallis test shows that the rate of frequency of Iolite mineral is identical among all samples of the hydrologic units and the dam reservoir; this mineral cannot be used as a tracer to identify the source. Reviewing the obtained data from statistical tests and studying clay minerals as a trace in determining the rate of degradation of upstream catchment “Dodar Ladiz” dam, it shows that the maximum annual erosion rate is 994.85 tons per sq/km, in the basin A within a 105.13 square kilometers area. Among the most important factors involving erosion and production of basin sediments, we can refer to lithology as the most critical factor and tectonic features, topography and climate as minor factors.
Highlights
The studied area in this research covers the upstream watershed area of Dodar Ladiz dam in southern part of Zahedan as well as northeast of Taftan volcanic area in eastern part of Iran (Figure 1).This area is located in flysch structural zone of eastern parts of Iran along with Taftan volcanic rocks and Quaternary alluviums (Table 1)
Whatever has been performed in the form of surveys on erosion and sediment will not meet the serious need in this area, because watershed conditions are in a way that it is often difficult to determine erosion and sediment production in the hydrological units
One of the advantages of this choice might be the fact that the results of the processes and involving factors in the erosion watershed have represented a final evaluation in their own hydrological units
Summary
The studied area in this research covers the upstream watershed area of Dodar Ladiz dam in southern part of Zahedan as well as northeast of Taftan volcanic area in eastern part of Iran (Figure 1). Whatever has been performed in the form of surveys on erosion and sediment will not meet the serious need in this area, because watershed conditions are in a way that it is often difficult to determine erosion and sediment production in the hydrological units. Due to these problems, one of the proposed methods in recent years is applying resourcing with a series of tracer minerals and determining the main sources of sediment production and the relative importance of each of them in sediment production in basin level [4]. It is necessary to calculate and estimate the severity of erosion and the annual sediment production rate in the basin and provide a subtle prevention plan for it
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