Abstract
Introduction: The variations in aesthetic perception among the professionals and the laypersons were compared, to understand the association of various skeletal and dental factors in vertical dimension, which alter the soft-tissue characteristics during posed/social smile, among young adults. Methods: Images of the posed smile were captured with a digital camera from the 60 nonorthodontic treated young adults (30 girls, 30 boys). Determinants of the pleasing smile were identified from the results of a Visual Analog Scale. Quantitative measurements of the soft- and hard-tissue were made by using the smile images and cephalometric radiographs. The esthetics of the smile was correlated with specific skeletal, dental, and soft-tissue structures in the anteroposterior and vertical dimensions. Results: Three factors formed significant components of a pleasant smile, for orthodontists (incisogingival display, upper lip, and buccal corridor) and three for laypersons (upper lip, lower lip, and smile arc). A strong positive correlation was seen among skeletal and dental vertical dimensions and incisor show. The vertical thickness of the upper lip had a significant positive correlation with the position of the maxillary incisor. Conclusion: Incisogingival display, upper lip, lower lip and buccal corridor proved to be the most influential variables in smile esthetics. The significant relationship of incisor protrusion with the vertical thickness of the vermilion border of the upper lip shows that skeletal and dental vertical dimensions for incisal display must be considered when planning orthodontic treatment.
Highlights
The variations in aesthetic perception among the professionals and the laypersons were compared, to understand the association of various skeletal and dental factors in vertical dimension, which alter the soft‐tissue characteristics during posed/social smile, among young adults
Considering the age of the subjects taken in the present study, it was hypothesized that, less incisor display would be correlated with unpleasant smile, while more incisor display would be correlated with more pleasing smile esthetics
In agreement to the previous studies done by Hulsey et al.[4] and Zachrisson[15] the present study showed that orthodontists did not give much importance to the aesthetic value of smile arc
Summary
The variations in aesthetic perception among the professionals and the laypersons were compared, to understand the association of various skeletal and dental factors in vertical dimension, which alter the soft‐tissue characteristics during posed/social smile, among young adults. The significant relationship of incisor protrusion with the vertical thickness of the vermilion border of the upper lip shows that skeletal and dental vertical dimensions for incisal display must be considered when planning orthodontic treatment. Quantitative measurements of vertical lip thickness and incisogingival display were made by using images of the posed smile, along with the cephalometric analysis of the subjects with attractive smile factors. The judgments of both laypersons and orthodontists on these same images provided subjective indications of what constitutes a pleasing smile This subjective analysis was an effort to verify and expand on previous investigations of smile attractiveness and provide esthetic values for this sample of orthodontic patients before treatment
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