Abstract
Layered lanthanum and copper(II) laurates were tested as catalysts for methanolic esterification of lauric acid (C12). Factorial design evidenced a positive effect of reaction temperature and amount of catalyst on ester conversion, while the acid:alcohol molar ratio (MR) had a negative effect. With lanthanum laurate, 90.5% conversion was reached at 140 °C with 10% catalyst and MR of 6:1. Although the highest conversion with copper(II) laurate converted 81.5% under the same conditions, results were better with a lower amount of catalyst (78% ester at 140 °C with 2% catalyst and MR of 6:1). A calcium hydroxide succinate was also investigated showing better catalytic performance than the well-known CaO, under mild reaction conditions (120 °C with 1% catalyst and MR of 3:1). Although layered carboxylates can be successively reused, the layered calcium hydroxide salt transformed into inactive CaCO3 in the second reuse reaction.
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