Estenosis congénita a la salida del ventrículo izquierdo. Técnicas y resultados

Abstract

Left ventricle congenital outflow tract obstruction consists of a narrowing of one or more levels of the outlet portion that conditions pressure overload, and represents 5–6% of all congenital heart diseases.Possible clinical manifestations (heart failure, angina, syncope and/or endocarditis) are variable in frequency and temporal onset, although nowadays most patients are asymptomatic at the time of surgery. Severe forms of valvular aortic stenosis are the first to debut clinically. Subvalvular aortic stenosis is rare in neonates and infants and more common in young children, and often associated with aortic valve stenosis. The supravalvular aortic stenosis is the rarest of the three forms of congenital aortic stenosis, and has a strong association with Williams–Beuren syndrome.Echocardiography remains the diagnostic test of choice in the preoperative and postoperative evaluation of congenital left outflow tract obstruction.The different surgical repair techniques and in-hospital and subsequent follow-up results are reviewed.