Estado nutricional, alterações metabólicas e hábitos alimentares em adolescentes do município de Viçosa, MG

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate whether excessive weight and body fat are associated with metabolic and food habits changes in adolescents Methods: It was made the analysis Body composition, food habits, fasting glucose and lipid levels were analyzed from 159 adolescents, aged 10 to 14 years, male and female, from public schools in Vicosa‑MG. We used Kolmogorov-Smirnov test; Student’s t distribution and Mann Whitney; Pearson and Spearman correlation, chi-square and Poisson regression, with p< 0.05. Results: From the total changes found, 25.6%; 39% and 67.3% corresponded, respectively, to overweight, excessive body fat and inadequate total cholesterol. Adolescents with excessive weight and body fat have the highest weight, waist and hip circumference, Body Mass Index of Fat (BMIF), Body Mass Index Fat Free (BMIFF) values. Overweight adolescents had a higher prevalence of HDL (PR = 2.55, 95%CI = 1.52 to 4.29) and triglycerides (PR = 3.30, 95%CI = 1.44 to 7.57) inadequacy and those with excessive body fat have a tripled prevalence of low HDL levels (PR = 3.05, 95%CI = 1.69 to 5.48, p < 0.001). The association between excessive weight and HDL and triglycerides remained significant following adjustment for gender and age; however, for excessive body fat, only the association with HDL remained significant after the adjustment (PR = 3.07, 95%CI = 1.70 to 5.54). There was no association of nutritional status (BMI/age) and body fat percentage with inadequate intake of food groups, as well as the inadequate availability of sugar and oil. Conclusions: Excessive weight and/or body fat was associated with inadequate levels of HDL and triglycerides, reinforcing the importance of adequate lifestyle to prevent these changes