Abstract
ABSTRACTIn the period of 2000–2004 the following 12 weed species were proved hosts to tobacco rattle virus (TRV): Amaranthus retroflexus L.—amaranth pigweed, Atriplex patula L.—orache, Chenopodium album L.—lambs-quarters, Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.—creeping thistle, Convolvulus arvensis L.—bindweed, Datura stramonium L.—thornapple, Polygonum lapathifolium L.—pale smartweed, Raphanus raphanistrum L.—wild radish, Solanum nigrum L.—black dog grape, Sonchus arvensis L.—perennial sow thistle, Sorghum halepensis (L.) Pers.—Johnson-grass and Xanthium strumarium L.—broad cocklebur. The highest percentage of TRV infected plants was found among the species C. album, A. patula, S. halepensis and S. arvensis—69%, 68%, 67% and 57%, respectively. Positive samples, i.e. TRV carriers, were given by 73 of a total of 149 weed plants, which is 49%. Two production crops in Bulgaria were found infested with the parasite weed dodder, which is another reservoir of TRV infection. Unlike the above mentioned weeds, it possibly transmits the virus to sugar beet without nematode mediators of Trichodoridae family. Based on some morphological data (yellow-orange colored stems and fruit) we assumed this was Cuscuta campestris Yuncker. TRV was identified in self-seeded sugar beet, grown post-harvest on a field of wheat with predecessor sugar beet.
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