Abstract
In order to breed virus-free plantlets of the kiwifruit cultivar “Guichang,” which belongs to Actinidia deliciosa, in this study, stem segments with buds were used as explants, the establishment of a tissue culture rapid propagation system was carried out, and then the virus status of tissue culture plantlets was detected via the real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) method. The tissue culture rapid propagation system proved that the contamination and browning rates could be controlled below 20% and the survival rate could be exceeded by 70% when the single bud stem segment of “Guichang” kiwifruit was sterilized with 70% alcohol for 30–60 s and 15% NaClO for 15 min, respectively. Meanwhile, we screened the hormone concentration to get better results, and the appropriate medium for adventitious bud induction was MS + 6-BA (1.0 mg/L) + IBA (0.2 mg/L); for proliferation, it was MS + 6-BA (1.0 mg/L) + IBA (0.1 mg/L); and for rooting, it was 1/2 MS + IBA (0.3 mg/L), and the efficiency of induction, proliferation, and rooting could reach 74.07%, 79.63%, and 85.18%, respectively. In addition, the RT-qPCR results demonstrated that the infection rate of 9 viruses: apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Actinidia virus X (AVX), cucumber necrosis virus (CNV), ribgrass mosaic virus (RMV), citrus leaf blotch virus (CLBV), Actinidia virus B (AcVB), Pelargonium zonate spot virus (PZSV), and cherry leaf roll virus (CLRV) in the “Guichang” kiwifruit tissue culture plantlets was 0. This study could lay a foundation for the production of “Guichang” kiwifruit tissue culture seedlings, and the medium formula provided in this study was useful for the industrial rapid propagation of “Guichang” plantlets.
Highlights
Kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.), an important and economically substantial fruit in China, has long been known as “the king of fruits” because of its high vitamin C content and balanced nutritional composition of minerals and other health-promoting metabolites [1, 2]
Some literature has reported that many viruses, including apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Actinidia virus X (AVX), cucumber necrosis virus (CNV), ribgrass mosaic virus (RMV), Actinidia virus B (AcVB), Actinidia virus A (AcVA), Actinidia virus 1 (AcV-1), alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), cherry leaf roll virus (CLRV), tomato necrotic spot associated virus (TNSaV), tomato zonate spot virus (TZSV), Pelargonium zonate spot virus (PZSV), citrus leaf blotch virus (CLBV), Actinidia chlorotic ringspot-associated virus (AcCRaV), turnip vein clearing virus (TVCV), and Actinidia seed-borne latent virus (ASbLV), can infect kiwifruit plants through pollen, grafting, or artificial inoculation [12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19]
The single bud stem segment of the “Guichang” kiwifruit was disinfected with 70% alcohol and 15% NaClO, and the results showed that the contamination and browning rates could be controlled below 20% and the survival rate could be exceeded by 70% when the single bud stem segment of the Guichang kiwifruit was sterilized with 70% alcohol for 30–60 s and 15% NaClO for 15 min, respectively
Summary
Kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.), an important and economically substantial fruit in China, has long been known as “the king of fruits” because of its high vitamin C content and balanced nutritional composition of minerals and other health-promoting metabolites [1, 2]. Due to the limited number of branches, the traditional cutting and grafting methods make it difficult to cultivate large numbers of plantlets in a short time. Erefore, the tissue culture had gradually become the main method to produce numerous plantlets rapidly, which had the advantages of stable inheritance, maintaining good traits, no time and space restrictions, and a high reproduction coefficient. Since the 1970s, tissue culture rapid propagation has become an important breeding method. Viruses cause a detrimental effect on the growth and development of kiwifruit plants, and the fruits will be deformed and the yields will be reduced, with huge economic loss. Erefore, it is urgent to develop the rapid propagation technology of “Guichang” kiwifruit The traditional cutting and grafting methods had a good chance of spreading viruses to the other branches and expanding the spread of viral diseases. erefore, it is urgent to develop the rapid propagation technology of “Guichang” kiwifruit
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