Establishment of rat model of traumatic brain injury combined with hemorrhagic shock

Abstract

Objective To establish rat model of traumatic brain injury combined with hemorrhagic shock. Methods Rat models of traumatic brain injury (produced by free fall impact method) combined with hemorrhagic shock (produced by venous injury method) were established and the related physiological parameters were recorded.The neurological impairment score,cerebral edema degree and blood brain barrier (BBB) were determined by using neurofunction scales,dry-wet method and Evans blue (EB) respectively.HE staining and immunohistochemical staining were applied to evaluate the pathological changes in brain sections. Results Blood pressure dropped from 95 mm Hg to 25 mm Hg within three minutes after modeling and maintained around 60 mm Hg one hour later.Neurological impairment score was increased dramatically.The ratio of water content in the brain tissue was elevated nearly from 77％ to 81％.The concentration of EB residual in the brain tissue was increased more than one fold.Neuronal pathological abnormalities,including neuron shrinking,dark eosinophilic staining,perineuronal vacuole in HE staining,and positive staining of β-amyloid precursor protein (β-APP) in immunohistochemical staining were also observed. Conclusions Rat models of traumatic brain injury combined with hemorrhagic shock are successfully established.In addition,the main pathological changes,such as cerebral edema,disruption of BBB,neuron damage,and expression of β-APP are replicated. Key words: Brain injuries; Shock, traumatic; Models,animal